Key points are not available for this paper at this time.
The horse-carrot theorem bounding the entropy production in processes with a fixed number of relaxations is extended to steady flow processes. The dissipation turns out to be related to a path of flows rather than states. The example of fractional distillation is presented and shows how null directions for the geometry turn out to be useful in the analysis. The implied distillation column design offers potentially significant energy savings.
Salamon et al. (Mon,) studied this question.