Sotalol use after cardioversion for atrial fibrillation resulted in 22% of patients having >20% of heartbeats with QTc >500 ms over 24 hours, compared to 0% of patients on metoprolol.
Observational (n=50)
Does sotalol compared to metoprolol increase the diurnal variation and prolongation of the QTc interval in patients after elective cardioversion for persistent atrial fibrillation?
Sotalol use after cardioversion for persistent atrial fibrillation is associated with significant nocturnal QTc prolongation (>500 ms) in over 20% of patients compared to metoprolol, highlighting a potential pro-arrhythmic risk.
Absolute Event Rate: 22% vs 0%
BACKGROUND: The risk of ventricular arrhythmias in patients on QT prolonging drugs is indicated to be increased early after cardioversion (CV) of atrial fibrillation (AF) to sinus rhythm (SR). Sotalol, used to prevent AF relapse, prolongs cardiac repolarization and corrected QT interval (QTc). A pronounced QTc prolongation is an established marker of pro-arrhythmias. Our objective was to use novel technique to quantify and evaluate the diurnal variation of the QTc interval after elective CV to SR in patients on sotalol or metoprolol. METHODS: Fifty patients underwent twelve-lead Holter recording for 24 hr after elective CV for persistent AF. All patients had the highest tolerable stable dose of sotalol (n = 27) or metoprolol (n = 23). Measurements of QT and RR intervals were performed on all valid beats. RESULTS: A clear diurnal variation of both HR and QTc was seen in both groups, more pronounced in patients on sotalol, where a high percentage of heartbeats with QTc >500 ms was observed, especially at night. Six patients (22%) on sotalol but none on metoprolol had >20% of all heart beats within the 24-hour recording with QTc >500 ms. CONCLUSION: Twenty-four-hour Holter recordings with QT-measurement immediately after CV demonstrated that one in five patients on sotalol had >20% of all heart beats with prolonged QTc >500 ms, especially during night-time. The QTc diurnal variation was retained in patients on β-blockade or a potent class III anti-arrhythmic drug with β-blocking properties.
Lenhoff et al. (Thu,) conducted a observational in Persistent atrial fibrillation (n=50). Sotalol vs. Metoprolol was evaluated on Proportion of patients with >20% of all heart beats having QTc >500 ms within 24 hours. Sotalol use after cardioversion for atrial fibrillation resulted in 22% of patients having >20% of heartbeats with QTc >500 ms over 24 hours, compared to 0% of patients on metoprolol.
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