Land-grant universities and Extension programs have recently been challenged to be more effective in engaging people and communities in participatory processes that benefit the interests of those being served. The University of Wisconsin Cooperative Extension has refined and adopted a definition of Transformational Education that is now being integrated into its approaches to community-based educational program development. Significant linkages are seen between the definition and practice of Transformational Education and the Kellogg Commission's (1999) recommendations for engaged universities.
Blewett et al. (Sun,) studied this question.