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The 1D two-fluid model (TFM) promises a powerful and computationally cheap platform for simulating multi-fluid flow phenomena. However, runaway Kelvin–Helmholtz instabilities have plagued previous approaches, necessitating aphysical regularization. We present a novel physics-based approach, using a simple turbulent viscosity model to provide nonlinear stabilization. Furthermore, we introduce an extended inertial-coupling model that integrates vortex dynamics across both phases, yielding a broader characterization of flow behavior, particularly under conditions of low density ratios. We develop a set of analytical and numerical tools to investigate the resulting dynamics, including turbulent cascades, chaos, and formation of churn or slug flow. Our approach opens up a wide range of new capabilities for the TFM by capturing the Kelvin–Helmholtz instability physically.
Lopez-de-Bertodano et al. (Fri,) studied this question.