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The fully dynamic dense environment of the Internet of Vehicles (IoV) and conditions like high traffic jams, collisions, and uneven road conditions increase the communication messages. Consequently, the computation and communication costs of the IoV network are increased. Therefore, IoV needs a lightweight and efficient security solution along with effective communications. Existing state-of-the-art schemes in IoV are generally based on cryptographic methods that use session keys, public keys, elliptic curves, and Message Authentication Codes (MAC). In contrast to the other schemes, MAC-based schemes provide feasible security solutions having high performance with less overhead. The existing MAC-based authentication schemes are vulnerable to the key disclosure issue along with some security attacks such as side-channel attacks, Distributed Denial of Services (DDoS), etc. Due to the side channel attack, a data leakage problem occurs, which is a serious concern in security and privacy facets. We propose a novel MAC-based authentication scheme (NoMAS) that mitigates the above-discussed challenges and provides all the benefits of MAC-based schemes. The NoMAS scheme offers a solution for key disclosure issues by providing Hard Key and Soft Key Updates (HKU and SKU) and data leakage problems using encryption along with high performance. It reduces the computational overhead maximum to 99.60% and the communication overhead maximum to approximately 81% compared to the existing schemes. In the security analysis, We have provided the formal security proof using BAN logic and the ProVerif tool and verified the correctness of the scheme.
Sikarwar et al. (Fri,) studied this question.