Ontologies as a semantic model in IoT

The world is witnessing an increasing use of IoT-based devices to collect sensor data in order to perceive the real world and generate abstractions. This data is highly heterogeneous in nature as it is obtained from various domains utilizing different representation schemes. Semantic approaches come as a rescue to this interoperability problem incurred because of heterogeneous sensor data from IoT devices. The data thus obtained should be represented in form of ontologies which are considered as the cornerstone of the Semantic Web for knowledge sharing, information extraction, information integration and many more. The content and the quality of the ontologies should be analyzed by evaluating them to ensure that the ontology is well designed, structured, and contains all essential concepts and relationships between them for efficient reasoning. This paper focuses on the evaluation of ontologies and, as a case study, evaluates a Military Resource Ontology (MRO) by using evaluation tools such as OntoMetric, OOPs!, ONTOCOM, based on evaluation approaches, aspects and criteria. These tools detect errors by diagnosing various metrics and pitfalls. Evaluation methods are grouped in two phases: verification and validation. In this paper, ‘QueryOnto’ tool is introduced to verify and validate the MRO by searching, query/answering, and visualizing.