Frequency of Restrictive Pulmonary Function in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of restrictive pulmonary dysfunction in type 2 diabetic patients.Study Design: Cross – sectional Study.Setting: Outpatient clinic of Department of Medicine, King Edward Medical University, Lahore.Subject and Methods: One hundred and seventy patients of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, presented in outpatient department of Mayo Hospital, Lahore with inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in the study. After taking informed consent, pulmonary function tests were performed. Patients were explained about the risks and benefits while their identity was kept confidential. The demographic information of the patients like name, age, sex, height and weight were collected. Digital spirometer was used to perform pulmonary function tests. FEV1 / FVC Ratio more than 80% or normal, was considered as restrictive defect and Ratio less than 80%, was considered as obstructive defect. All collected information was s recorded on pre-designed Performa (attached). Effect modifying factors like duration of type 2 diabetes mellitus and smoking status (smoker and non smoker) were address through data stratification.Results: In this study, we included one hundred and seventy type 2 diabetic patients. The mean age was 54.32 ± 19.08 years. There were 122 (71.8%) males and 48 (28.2%) females. The mean height was 161.59 cm. The mean FVC was 107.78 ± 20.31. The mean FEV1 was 94.09 ± 27.72. The mean FEV1 / FVC% was 104.762 ± 24.93. In 28 (16.5%) cases restrictive pathology was observed, 3 (1.8%) cases had obstructive pathology and 139 (81.8%) cases had normal lung function tests.Conclusion: In this study we concluded that the target organ for diabetic injury was lung. It was responsible for restrictive diseases of lung. More research work required to rule out pathophysiologic mechanisms and clinical significance.