Men's Perspectives on Violence against Women: The Case of a Province in the Eastern Black Sea Region (Descriptive and Cross-Sectional Study)

Objective: This study investigates men's perspectives on violence against women in the Eastern Black Sea Region of Türkiye, aiming to understand the underlying causes and explore potential solutions. Material and Methods: Conducted as a descriptive and cross-sectional quantitative study, data were collected from 374 men using a personal information form, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, and the Bem Sex-Role Inventory (BSRI). Results: The findings highlight that low self-esteem, lower educational attainment, poor parental relationships, and past exposure to violence significantly influence violent attitudes. Nearly one in four participants admitted to having committed violence, primarily toward individuals in their immediate social circle. The home was identified as the most common setting where violence was first experienced or witnessed, with fathers and teachers frequently cited as perpetrators. Most participants believed that women are the primary victims and that men are the main perpetrators. Lack of education, economic hardship, and distorted gender norms were among the top cited causes of violence against women. Education, legal reforms, media involvement, and psychosocial support were suggested as key preventive strategies. All participants were classified within the masculine role based on BSRI scores. Conclusion: The study emphasizes the need for multifaceted interventions involving men to prevent gender-based violence and suggests that educational and psychosocial support may contribute to transforming harmful gender norms.