Viral myocarditis is strongly implicated in the etiology of dilated cardiomyopathy, supported by the presence of viral genetic material and proteins in the myocardium.
Myocarditis is a complex disease because multiple pathogenetic mechanisms play a role. While these mechanisms appear to act in a chronological cascade, they undoubtedly overlap in some cases, rendering diagnosis and treatment difficult. Ultimately, dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) may result. A multitude of still-circumstantial evidence points to a major role of viral myocarditis in the etiology of DCM. The common presence of viral genetic material and viral proteins in the myocardium of patients with DCM provides the most compelling evidence, but proof of causality is still lacking. Nevertheless, because of the striking increase in heart failure prevalence in recent years, anti-viral and anti-inflammatory therapies should be developed for their potential to prevent or ameliorate DCM.
Jay W. Mason (Wed,) conducted a review in Myocarditis and dilated cardiomyopathy. Viral myocarditis was evaluated. Viral myocarditis is strongly implicated in the etiology of dilated cardiomyopathy, supported by the presence of viral genetic material and proteins in the myocardium.