Is this bridge safe? Evaluation of audiovisual cues for a walk on a small bridge over a canyon

This paper presents two within-subjects studies (n=23) exploring how different combinations of visual and auditory feedback influence perceived realism, virtual self-perception and the experience of safety during walks on a virtual platform suspended over a canyon. In the first study, the frequency factor of the footstep sounds was altered and the visual appearance was changed between a newly built wooden bridge and an old bridge with a weaker structure and broken planks. In the second study, the sounds of creaking wood were added to the footstep sounds in half of the trails and compared against footsteps without creaking sounds. Moreover, the frequency factor of the frequency controls for footsteps was also manipulated between trails, but the visual appearance of the bridge was limited to the model of the old broken bridge.