Eplerenone significantly improved myocardial perfusion reserve compared with hydrochlorothiazide in diabetic patients on ACE inhibitors (median 1.57 vs 1.30; P=0.03).
RCT (n=16)
Double-blind
Crossover
Does eplerenone improve coronary circulatory function compared to hydrochlorothiazide in patients with diabetes and albuminuria receiving ACE inhibitor therapy?
Mineralocorticoid receptor blockade with eplerenone improves coronary circulatory function compared to hydrochlorothiazide in patients with diabetes and albuminuria already receiving ACE inhibitor therapy.
Absolute Event Rate: 1.57% vs 1.3%
p-value: p=0.03
CONTEXT: Impaired coronary circulatory function predicts cardiovascular events, the leading cause of death in patients with diabetes mellitus. Aldosterone causes cardiovascular injury and is not suppressed by chronic angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor therapy. OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to assess whether mineralocorticoid receptor activation contributes to coronary circulatory dysfunction in patients with diabetes who are already receiving ACE inhibitor therapy. DESIGN AND SETTING: A randomized, double-blind, crossover study with an intervening washout period of at least 4 wk was conducted with ambulatory patients from the community. PATIENTS: Patients included 16 subjects (11 men, eight Caucasians; mean age, 53 yr; mean body mass index, 38.0 kg/m2) with diabetes and albuminuria but without clinical cardiovascular disease. INTERVENTIONS: ACE inhibitors were switched to enalapril 20 mg daily, and other antihypertensives were discontinued. Amlodipine 5-10 mg daily was added to achieve blood pressures less than 130/80 mm Hg. Subjects then received, in random order, 6 wk of the mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist eplerenone 50 mg (with placebo pill) daily and 6 wk of another diuretic, hydrochlorothiazide 12.5 mg (with potassium 10 mEq) daily. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Before and after each 6-wk treatment period, we measured coronary circulatory function (adenosine-stimulated myocardial perfusion reserve) and endothelial function (brachial artery reactivity and peripheral arterial tonometry). RESULTS: The eplerenone and hydrochlorothiazide groups had similar blood pressures, serum potassium, glycemia, and endothelial function. Although pretreatment myocardial perfusion reserve did not differ between groups, myocardial perfusion reserve was significantly higher after eplerenone than after hydrochlorothiazide (median 1.57 vs. 1.30; P = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: Mineralocorticoid receptor blockade improves coronary circulatory function compared with hydrochlorothiazide in patients with diabetes already receiving ACE inhibitor therapy.
Joffe et al. (Wed,) conducted a rct in Diabetes mellitus (n=16). Eplerenone vs. Hydrochlorothiazide 12.5 mg daily was evaluated on Adenosine-stimulated myocardial perfusion reserve (p=0.03). Eplerenone significantly improved myocardial perfusion reserve compared with hydrochlorothiazide in diabetic patients on ACE inhibitors (median 1.57 vs 1.30; P=0.03).