Resistant hypertension was associated with a higher rate of sleep apnoea than non-resistant hypertension (9.6% vs 6.8%; OR 1.16, 95% CI 1.12-1.19), with higher subsequent risks for IHE and CHF.
Cohort (n=470,386)
Does sleep apnoea in resistant hypertension increase the risk of cardiovascular and mortality outcomes compared to sleep apnoea in non-resistant hypertension?
Odds Ratio: 1.16 (95% CI 1.12–1.19)
Absolute Event Rate: 9.6% vs 6.8%
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: We directly compared sleep apnoea (SA) rates and risk of cardiovascular and mortality outcomes among SA patients with resistant hypertension (RH) and non-RH within a large diverse hypertension population. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study between 1 January 2006 and 31 December 2010 among hypertensive adults (age ≥ 18 years) was performed within an integrated health system. Rates of SA in RH and non-RH were determined. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to calculate OR for SA. Cox proportional hazard modelling was used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) for cardiovascular and mortality outcomes between SA in RH versus SA in non-RH adjusting for age, gender, race, BMI, chronic kidney disease and other comorbidities. RESULTS: SA was identified in 33 682 (7.2%) from 470 386 hypertensive individuals. SA in RH accounted for 5806 (9.6%) compared to SA in non-RH 27 876 individuals (6.8%). Multivariable OR (95% CI) for SA was 1.16 (1.12, 1.19), 3.57 (3.47, 3.66) and 2.20 (2.15, 2.25) for RH versus non-RH, BMI ≥ 30, and males, respectively. Compared to SA in non-RH individuals, SA in RH had a multivariable adjusted HR (95% CI) of 1.24 (1.13, 1.36), 1.43 (1.28, 1.61), 0.98 (0.85, 1.12) and 1.04 (0.95, 1.14) for ischaemic heart event (IHE), congestive heart failure (CHF), stroke and mortality, respectively. CONCLUSION: We observed a modest increase in likelihood for SA among RH compared to non-RH patients. Risks for IHE and CHF were higher for SA in RH compared to SA in non-RH patients; however, there were no differences in risk for stroke and mortality.
Bhandari et al. (Mon,) conducted a cohort in Hypertension (n=470,386). Resistant hypertension vs. Non-resistant hypertension was evaluated on Sleep apnoea (OR 1.16, 95% CI 1.12-1.19). Resistant hypertension was associated with a higher rate of sleep apnoea than non-resistant hypertension (9.6% vs 6.8%; OR 1.16, 95% CI 1.12-1.19), with higher subsequent risks for IHE and CHF.
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