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A 4/spl times/64 pixel 3-D CMOS imager based on time-of-flight (TOF) has been developed and successfully tested. The measurement range is up to 8 m with resolution of 1 cm. The scene depth is determined by measurement of the travel time of reflected laser pulses by employing a fast on-chip synchronous shutter (maximum shutter speed 30 ns). The multiple double short time integration (MDSI) algorithm enables suppression of the background illumination and correction for reflectance variations in the scene objects. The pixel size is 130/spl times/300 /spl mu/m/sup 2/. The sensor chip has been realized in a 0.5-/spl mu/m n-well standard CMOS process.
Elkhalili et al. (Wed,) studied this question.