Abstract This paper examines the challenges, opportunities, and strategic pathways related to Human Resources for Health (HRH), with particular attention to low- and middle-income countries and the Moroccan healthcare system. It highlights the central role of health workers in achieving effective, equitable, and competitive healthcare delivery. The paper reviews major HRH challenges, including workforce shortages, unequal distribution between urban and rural areas, brain drain, weak governance and leadership, gender inequity, limited continuing professional development, job dissatisfaction, occupational stress, and burnout. In the Moroccan context, the paper emphasizes recent health sector reforms, the generalization of social coverage, and efforts to strengthen training and capacity building, while also pointing to persistent difficulties in workforce distribution, working conditions, incentives, and professional development. The study argues that improving HRH requires a multifaceted approach based on strong leadership, adequate funding, evidence-informed workforce planning, better motivation systems, and the integration of new technologies into training and healthcare practice. It concludes that strengthening HRH is essential for improving healthcare quality, retaining professionals, reducing emigration, and achieving the Sustainable Development Goals.
Wafâa Al Hassani (Thu,) studied this question.
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