The paths that immigrant and undocumented students will tread are perilously evolving, as the cutting-edge forces threatening their existence constantly morph. The perilous journey undertaken by educators to secure sufficient pedagogical independence also means that as much emphasis as possible should be placed upon ensuring that immigrant students feel safe. Recent studies emphasize that immigrant students live in constant fear due to pending legislation that jeopardizes their safety and stability (López Amézquita, 2025). The hearts and minds of these young victims are constantly under siege, leading to anxiety and trauma that significantly impede their learning and growth (Posnick-Goodwin & Sanford, 2022).
Lori Spradley (Wed,) studied this question.