Oncology therapies, including anthracyclines, HER2-targeted agents, and immune checkpoint inhibitors, are associated with significant cardiotoxicities such as heart failure and myocarditis, necessitating vigilant monitoring.
This review highlights the mechanisms and risks of cancer treatment-related cardiotoxicity across various oncology therapies, emphasizing the importance of baseline cardiovascular assessments, imaging, biomarkers, and multidisciplinary cardio-oncology care.
Cancer patients' prognosis all around the world has been much improved by treatments including conventional chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy. The benefits of these choices, however, come with their own set of problems; they often lead to a lot of heart problems, which are called cancer treatment-related cardiotoxicity (CTR-C). This study provides a thorough examination combining the most recent results on a number of important aspects including the prevalence of cardiotoxicity, its underlying pathophysiology, and the critical need of strong monitoring systems. For this review, information was carefully looked at from a lot of places, including systematic reviews, meta-analyses, randomized controlled trials, observational research, and guideline papers. Depending on the dosage, anthracyclines have been found to induce left ventricular dysfunction, arrhythmias, and maybe even heart failure in certain persons. Furthermore, HER2-targeted medicines, while often exhibiting reversible side effects, are known for raising the risk of cardiotoxicity, especially in patients who have undergone anthracycline therapy before. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) present a particular set of difficulties since they are linked with immune-mediated myocarditis, arrhythmias, pericardial disorders, and, on rare events, vasculitis, with symptoms usually during the first cycles of treatment. The current research clearly emphasizes the critical importance of baseline cardiovascular examinations using a range of imaging modalities and biomarkers to help to detect cardiotoxicity early in individuals undergoing cancer therapy. Though this field has progressed, more study is required to improve monitoring techniques and develop individualized preventive plans to reduce the cardiovascular hazards related to cancer therapies.
Giza et al. (Wed,) conducted a review in Cancer therapy-related cardiotoxicity. Oncology therapies (chemotherapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy) was evaluated on Cardiotoxicity (e.g., left ventricular dysfunction, myocarditis, heart failure). Oncology therapies, including anthracyclines, HER2-targeted agents, and immune checkpoint inhibitors, are associated with significant cardiotoxicities such as heart failure and myocarditis, necessitating vigilant monitoring.