NASA-TLX)We propose an object-based interface (OBI), in which functions are embedded within the objects themselves and operated by touching or moving them by hand, to address the issue that the separation of "functions" and "operating units" common in conventional IT devices makes intuitive operation difficult.Implementation in mixed reality is intended; however, owing to technical constraints, in this study, we implemented OBI in a virtual reality space and designed three forms: (1) surface touch, (2) object movement, and (3) object + hand gestures.21 university students participated in comparative experiments with menu-based user interfaces (UIs) and other systems, conducted five times each across three tasks (calendar date selection, music identification and playback operation, and the presence/absence of mouse gestures) using a headmount display (VIVE Focus Vision) and Manus Quantum Metagloves, and their completion time, number of errors, and NASA Task Load Index were evaluated.As a result, for Pattern 1 centered on touch, OBI was effective in reducing time and errors; moreover, for Pattern 2 involving object movement, the menu-based UI had a lower workload, and for Pattern 3, gestures alone were superior.From these results, it was demonstrated that while OBI tends to be effective for simple direct operations, it can increase the burden in tasks involving an increased amount of physical movement.
Masuta et al. (Wed,) studied this question.