430 Keyfold Farm - Archaeological Watching Brief

1 General CFA Archaeology Ltd is a Registered Organisation (RO) with CIfA. All work undertaken was consistent with the standard outlined in the Historic England guidance, 'Understanding Historic Buildings: A Guide to Good Recording Practice' (2016); and the CIfA 'Standard and Guidance for the Archaeological Investigation and Recording of Standing Buildings' (CIfA 2014) and the 'Code of Conduct' (CIfA 2020). All work followed the WSI written by HCUK Group in May 2024 (Appendix 1). Features were recorded by means of photographs, written records, and drawings conforming to CIfA and Historic England standards, and CFA's own quality manuals. 3.2 Photographic Recording An external photographic record was made of all accessible sides the Barn, as near parallel to the elevations as possible within the constraints of the site. General external photographs were taken, including several oblique views, showing the building within the wider context. An interior photographic record was made of all spaces and features that were accessible, and which were illustrative of the Barn's design, development, and use. The Barn was examined for any dated inscriptions, signage, makers' marks, or graffiti that would contribute to an understanding of the Barn's development. Photographs were taken using a high-resolution Olympus TG-6. Where it was safe to do so, an appropriately sized photographic scale was included in each photograph. All photography conformed to industry best practice (Historic England 2015a, 2016), and the digital images were converted to uncompressed baseline v.6 TIFF for archiving. All digital images have accompanying site specific metadata. All the photographs taken on site were later reordered in a logical fashion and emphasised in bold in the report text. A selection has been used to illustrate the report. A register of the digital file reference, location, photographer, direction, and subject of each shot has been produced to accompany the photographic record, and the position and direction of each photograph is annotated on a copy of the Barn plans in the original on-site sequence (Appendix 2). 3.3 Orthophotography In lieu of elevation drawings, elevations have been presented as orthophotographs in figures 4.1 - 4.4. The orthophotographs were made by created by creating a photogrammetric record of the external elevations of the Barn. The photogrammetric record was produced by creating a series of overlapping photographs and combined using software Agisoft Metashape Professional. The photogrammetric survey and images production adhere to Historic England's guidance 'Photogrammetric Applications for Cultural Heritage: Guidance for Good Practice' (Historic England 2017). 3.4 Drawn Record Prior to the survey a basemap was provided by HCUK Group to CFA Archaeology. The plan (fig. 3) was measured and drawn by hand on site and later reproduced in the report to a standard commensurate with the WSI (Appendix 1). The report should be read in conjunction with figures 1-5 which are referenced throughout where relevant. 3.5 Written Description A written description has been produced of the Barn which summarises a description of the materials, and possible date(s) so far as these are apparent from a superficial inspection. A summary of the Barn 's form, function, date, and sequence of development has been provided in the discussion. The use of the term 'elevation' references the direction the external elevation is facing. For example, if the elevation of the Barn faces west, then it is identified as the 'west elevation'. However, the term 'wall' references an internal feature and the way in which the viewer must face to observe the wall, therefore the 'west wall' faces east. The Barn was oriented on a broadly north-northwest to south-southeast axis. Orientations have been adjusted slightly as a broadly north-to-south axis for the purpose of this report.