Higher levels of soluble CD14, hs-CRP, and fibrinogen were associated with increasing degrees of subclinical vascular disease compared to normal participants and those with CAC only (all P<0.05).
Cross-Sectional (n=147)
Are biomarkers of inflammation and immune activation (such as soluble CD14) associated with coronary calcification and subclinical vascular disease in HIV-infected patients on ART?
Soluble CD14 is independently associated with coronary artery calcification and subclinical vascular disease in HIV-infected patients on ART, highlighting the potential role of monocyte activation in HIV-related cardiovascular risk.
p-value: p=<0.05
OBJECTIVE: To use multimodality imaging to explore the relationship of biomarkers of inflammation, T-cell activation and monocyte activation with coronary calcification and subclinical vascular disease in a population of HIV-infected patients on antiretroviral therapy (ART). DESIGN: Cross-sectional. METHODS: A panel of soluble and cellular biomarkers of inflammation and immune activation was measured in 147 HIV-infected adults on ART with HIV RNA less than 1000 copies/ml and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) 130 mg/dl or less. We examined the relationship of biomarkers to coronary calcium (CAC) score and multiple ultrasound measures of subclinical vascular disease. RESULTS: Overall, median (interquartile range, IQR) age was 46 (40-53) years; three-quarters of participants were male and two-thirds African-American. Median 10-year Framingham risk score was 6%. Participants with CAC more than 0 were older, less likely to be African-American and had higher current and lower nadir CD4 T-cell counts. Most biomarkers were similar between those with and without CAC; however, soluble CD14 was independently associated with CAC after adjustment for traditional risk factors. Among those with a CAC score of zero, T-cell activation and systemic inflammation correlated with carotid intima-media thickness and brachial hyperemic velocity, respectively. Compared with normal participants and those with CAC only, participants with increasing degrees of subclinical vascular disease had higher levels of sCD14, hs-CRP and fibrinogen (all P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Soluble CD14 is independently associated with coronary artery calcification, and, among those with detectable calcium, predicts the extent of subclinical disease in other vascular beds. Future studies should investigate the utility of multimodality imaging to characterize vascular disease phenotypes in this population.
Longenecker et al. (Thu,) conducted a cross-sectional in HIV infection (n=147). Soluble CD14 and other biomarkers of inflammation was evaluated on Coronary calcium (CAC) score and subclinical vascular disease (p=<0.05). Higher levels of soluble CD14, hs-CRP, and fibrinogen were associated with increasing degrees of subclinical vascular disease compared to normal participants and those with CAC only (all P<0.05).