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This article presents a multiwideband monopole antenna for automotive application in the long-term evolution (LTE) and 5G systems that covers the frequency range from 617 MHz to 5 GHz with reasonable rejection on the L1/L2/L5 GNSS bands. The antenna is suitable for placement on a car roof within a shark-fin radome due to its physical dimensions and performance. The antenna is simulated using software and then fabricated and measured on a 1 m ground plane and a vehicle roof. The measurement results of the fabricated prototype are presented and plotted in terms of reflection coefficient, radiation patterns, antenna efficiency, and linear average gain (LAG). The proposed antenna shows very good properties that make it suitable for the automotive industry.
Khalifa et al. (2021) studied this question.