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T cells and dendritic cells (DCs) that are positive for the tissue-resident marker CD103 play a vital role in antitumor immunity. In this study, multiplexed immunohistochemistry was applied to stain CD103 and the T-cell marker CD8 as well as the DC marker CD11c on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) tissues. Then, the density of CD103 + CD8 + and CD103 + CD11c + tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in the intratumoral and stromal regions was calculated, and the correlation of CD103 + CD8 + TIL and CD103 + CD11c + TIL density with OSCC patient prognosis was analyzed. The results revealed that CD103 + CD8 + TILs and CD103 + CD11c + TILs were abundant in the stromal region and that increased stromal CD103 + CD8 + TIL and intratumoral CD103 + CD11c + TIL density indicated a favorable prognosis. Moreover, we freshly isolated TILs from OSCC samples and performed flow cytometry to verify that CD103 + CD8 + TILs display a tissue-resident memory T-cell (Trm) phenotype, and we discriminated CD103 + CD11c + TILs from tumor-associated macrophages.
Li et al. (2019) studied this question.