This study aims to analyze the process of forming regional regulations (perda) in extraordinary circumstances under Law Number 13 of 2022 concerning the Formation of Legislation (UU P3), and to evaluate the validity of regional regulations enacted outside the Regional Regulation Formation Program (Propemperda). The specific objective is to examine the legal process underlying the formulation of regional regulations during emergency conditions, with attention to how procedural flexibility is accommodated within Indonesia’s constitutional framework. In a unitary state that embraces the principle of decentralization, regional regulations serve as an essential legal instrument for addressing local needs, particularly during crises such as the Covid-19 pandemic. The research applies a normative juridical approach combined with case study analysis, focusing on the West Sumatra Regional Regulation Number 6 of 2020 concerning New Habit Adaptation as a concrete example. Findings indicate that regional regulations formed outside the Propemperda remain legally valid when justified by urgent emergency conditions, as provided in Article 38 paragraph (2) of the P3 Law, provided they receive joint approval from the Regional People’s Representative Council (DPRD) and the regional head, and do not contradict higher-level laws and regulations. This reflects the application of the principle salus populi suprema lex esto (safety of the people is the highest law), where legal exceptions are permissible during extraordinary situations if the principles of legality, accountability, and public interest are preserved. Overall, this study contributes to the discourse on emergency law by demonstrating how legislative flexibility strengthens governance resilience while remaining within constitutional legality.
S et al. (2025) studied this question.