One of the causes of various land disputes is related to land registration, for example, disputes over the true owner of a plot of land. A party claiming ownership of the land files a lawsuit in court. The court then decides who the rightful owner is. Legal protection for landowners whose land has been certificated in another person's name is granted to the true landowner based on evidence of legal ownership. This is because the rightful landowner possesses legal data and directly possesses the land. This means that the landowner has the right and freedom to control the land, and ownership vests in their heirs as long as it is not transferred to another party. Legal remedies taken by landowners to resolve land disputes involving unilateral ownership and to issue land ownership certificates include filing for cancellation of the certificate through lawsuits in the District Court or the cancellation of the certificate in the State Administrative Court. However, this does not mean that land title certificates do not guarantee legal certainty, as lawsuits or certificate cancellations are separate issues from legal certainty. As long as there is no judge's decision disputing the veracity of the legal and physical data on the certificate, the certificate is considered valid.
Herlina Hanum Harahap (Sat,) studied this question.