Evolution of the first Romanian grammars written in French

In this paper, we propose to study the first two grammars of the Romanian lan-guage written in French in the 19th century. We will carry out a historical-comparative analysis of two works published within a period of two decades: Grammaire roumâne à l'usage des Français written by J. A. Vaillant and published in 1840 and Grammaire de la langue roumaíne par V. Mircesco, précédé dʼun aperçu historique sur la langue roumaine par A. Ubicini by Alecsandri and Ubicini, published in 1863. In order to best analyse and highlight the differences and similarities between these grammars, we will take a comparative approach through an alternative descrip-tive method. In this way, we will be able to highlight some characteristics, related to different aspects such as the grammatical methodologies that were used, the con¬cepts presented, the specific linguistic influences, the terminologies adopted by the authors or the different ways of structuring the grammars. We will also consider the audience for whom each grammar was written, the examples used in each grammar (authentic, invented to exemplify each concept, etc.), the application exercises if present, and whether these works have dictionaries or conversation guides. We will also note whether methodological and terminological changes were made between grammars during that period. By analysing and comparing these books, we try to outline the situation of Romanian grammars for the use of foreigners in the second half of the 19th century and the means used by the authors to enable French-speaking foreigners of that time to master the grammar of the Romanian language. In order to best analyse and highlight the differences and similarities between these grammars, we will take a comparative approach through an alternative descrip-tive method. In this way, we will be able to highlight some characteristics, related to different aspects such as the grammatical methodologies that were used, the concepts presented, the specific linguistic influences, the terminologies adopted by the authors or the different ways of structuring the grammars. We will also consider the audience for whom each grammar was written, the examples used in each grammar (authentic, invented to exemplify each concept, etc.), the application exercises if present, and whether these works have dictionaries or conversation guides. We will also note whether methodological and terminological changes were made between grammars during that period. By analysing and comparing these books, we try to outline the situation of Romanian grammars for the use of foreigners in the second half of the 19th century and the means used by the authors to enable French-speaking foreigners of that time to master the grammar of the Romanian language