Research Progress on Multi-Omics of Plant Response to Abiotic Stress

Multi-omics research, a powerful approach for studying biological systems, encompasses genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and other omics technologies. It reduces the limitations and biases associated with single-omics approaches by enabling cross-validation and integration of multiple data types, thereby providing a more comprehensive understanding of the physiological and biochemical processes in organisms. This research approach has been widely adopted in the study of plant responses to abiotic stress. During plant growth, diverse abiotic stressors such as drought, salinity, and extreme temperatures can adversely affect physiological and metabolic processes. Under such adverse conditions, the molecular components within plant undergo complex and dynamic changes. Therefore, the responses to abiotic stress have become a central focus in plant science research. Clarifying the molecular pathways at the levels of gene expression, proteins, and metabolites is of great significance for breeding, cultivation, and enhancing plant adaptability to environmental challenges. This knowledge can significantly improve plant resilience and survival, ultimately enhancing their agronomic performance and economic value. This review summarizes recent advances in the application of integrative multi-omics approaches to plant abiotic stress research, aiming to provide a valuable reference for future studies in this field.