Clinical impact of [18F]FET-PET/CT in differentiating treatment-associated changes and tumor progression in adult-type diffuse gliomas

Lay Summary Patients with diffuse gliomas undergo MRI scans after treatment to monitor tumor growth. However, it can be difficult to distinguish between normal treatment effects and tumor growth on these MRI scans. This study evaluated the added value of [¹⁸F]FET-PET scans, providing additional information on metabolic tissue activity, in 41 glioma patients with uncertain MRI findings. The [¹⁸F]FET-PET scans influenced clinical decisions in over half of the patients, and early use appeared to prevent unnecessary treatments and MRI scans. These results suggest that prompt use of [¹⁸F]FET-PET can improve patient care, although larger studies are needed to determine the optimal timing.