Abstract Background Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteremia (PAB) is associated with a high mortality rate, and many factors can contribute to poor outcomes. We aimed to identify risk factors for attributable mortality of PAB episodes. Methods A retrospective cohort study of hospitalized patients diagnosed with PAB between June 2014 and December 2024 was performed. Epidemiological, clinical characteristics and outcomes were described. A multivariate logistic regression analysis identified independent risk factors associated with 30-day attributable mortality (RFM). Results 124 episodes were included, with a median age of 66.5 years (IQR 52.3–74) and a median Charlson comorbidity index score of 4 (IQR 2–7). The median time from hospital admission to bacteremia onset was 12 days (IQR 0–22), and 69.4% of patients had received antibiotics before the bacteremia episode. Only 3 cases of difficult-to-treat resistant PA isolates were detected; however, 28.2% were resistant to carbapenems. The respiratory tract was the most common source of infection (32.3%), followed by the urinary tract (20.9%). A total of 51.6% of patients required intensive care unit admission, 41.9% developed shock, and 51.6% multiorgan failure. Empirical antibiotic therapy was appropriate in 83.1% of cases; nevertheless, 30-day overall mortality was 37.9%, and attributable mortality of PAB accounted for 80.9% of these deaths. RFM were hematologic malignancy OR 4.28 (95% CI 1.09-16.8, p=0.03), respiratory source OR 10.8 (95% CI 3.00-39, p 0.001), shock OR 30.5 (95% CI 6.76-137, p 0.001) and carbapenem resistance OR 17.3 (95% CI 3.65-82.2, p 0.001). Conclusion Carbapenem-resistant strain was the second most significant risk factor for attributable mortality. This finding highlights the potential impact of robust antimicrobial stewardship and infection control programs for reducing the mortality associated with these infections. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures
Ubiergo et al. (Thu,) studied this question.