Numerical study on maximum ceiling gas temperature of two buoyant plumes with different heights in an urban road tunnel

Key Points

• Maximum ceiling gas temperature peaks at different heights of buoyant plumes, indicating specific thermal dynamics.
• The study shows that temperature differences can reach up to 15 degrees Celsius between plume heights.
• Numerical simulation models heat transfer and ventilation dynamics within urban road tunnels under varying conditions.
• Findings highlight the need for optimized ventilation systems for safer tunnel environments and effective smoke control.