Multi-objective optimisation of arctic shipping routes considering navigational risk, voyage time, and fuel consumption

Key Points

• Improved voyage time and reduced navigational risk were key outcomes of the optimisation.
• Navigational risk was assessed alongside voyage time and fuel consumption for route planning.
• Assessment involved multi-objective optimisation across various shipping routes in the Arctic region.
• These findings may enable safer and more efficient shipping in Arctic waters, but models should be validated in real conditions.