Some states have made the protection of people and their property, as well as the fight against crime, their primary concern. Unfortunately, instead of following the path laid out by law, some individuals prefer to take shortcuts, thus violating the law, the expression of the common will. From this dissent arises a phenomenon generally described as criminal. Criminal activity has consistently provoked a social reaction among humans, both defensive and expiatory. Consequently, it has been considered sometimes as a kind of disease, sometimes as a betrayal of the social group. Thus, a number of mechanisms were put in place to combat this phenomenon. Among these mechanisms, private vengeance was paramount, followed by monetary compensation, which quickly gave was to judicial justice. Not to be forgotten are the law of retaliation and the Code of Hammurabi, which are prime examples of the many measures that primitive peoples used this fight. Current technological and scientific interventions have contributed to this fight. However, while they have brought benefits and progress to humanity, they have also caused many harms, notably the rise in crime. This is the assertion of some authors who believe that the increase in urban crime is primarily due to the region’s industrialization. They may be correct, as the frequency of economic hardship, unemployment, looting, opportunities for crime, and technological and scientific resources is far greater in cities than in rural areas. Thus, cities are more prone to crime than rural areas, and Bukavu, the largest city in South Kivu Province, is a prime example. Discussing the resurgence of insecurity and crime in Bukavu demonstrates the rapid spread of this phenomenon since the arrival and occupation of the Rwandan army and its AFC/M23 auxiliaries in the city.
Marie Salomé MAWAZO S2 Par Dr Joseph MWEZE SEBUMBA1* (Thu,) studied this question.