Determining the Physiological Threshold for Angina (ORBITA-FIRE): A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study

BACKGROUND: ) at rest and during exercise remain undefined. METHODS: values were recorded at symptom onset. The protocol was repeated during low- and high-intensity exercise to assess changes in angina thresholds with increasing cardiac workload. RESULTS: >0.999). CONCLUSIONS: ) are highly individualized, vary with cardiac workload, and are consistently lower than the universal ischemia-based thresholds used to guide revascularization. These findings support integrating personalized, symptom-linked physiology to refine patient selection and to improve symptomatic response to PCI.