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Intelligent transportation systems (ITSs) are becoming increasingly popular as they support efficient coordinated transport. ITSs aim to improve the safety, efficiency and reliability of road transportation through integrated approaches to the exchange of relevant information. Mobile ad-hoc networks (MANETs) and vehicle ad-hoc networks (VANETs) are integral components of ITS. The VANET is composed of interconnected vehicles with sensitivity capabilities to exchange traffic, positioning, weather and emergency information. One of the main challenges in VANET is the reliable and timely dissemination of information between vehicular nodes to improve decision-making processes. This paper illustrates challenges in VANET and reviews possible solutions to improve road safety control and management using V2V and V2I communications. This paper also summarizes existing rules-based and optimized-based solutions, including reducing the effect of mixed environments, obstacles, malfunctions and short wireless ranges on transportation efficiency and reducing false messages that cause unintended vehicle actions and unreliable transportation systems. Additionally, an event simulation algorithm was designed to maximize the benefits of exchangeable messages among vehicles. Furthermore, simulated VANET environments were developed to demonstrate how the algorithm can be used for transformable messages. Experimental results show that coupling of both V2V and V2I messages yielded better results in terms of end-to-end delay and average time. Future research directions were highlighted to be taken into account in the development of ITS and intelligent routing mechanisms.
Abdullah Alsaleh (Sun,) studied this question.