A comprehensive review of gait analysis using deep learning approaches in criminal investigation

Despite the growing worries expressed by privacy supporters about the extensive adoption of gait biometrics, research in this field has been moving forward swiftly. Deep learning, a powerful technology that enables computers to learn from data, has found its way into criminal investigations involving gait. In this survey, the literature of gait analysis concerning criminal investigation is discussed with a comprehensive overview of developments in gait analysis with deep neural networks. Firstly, terminologies and factors regarding human gait with scenarios related to crime are discussed. Subsequently, the areas and domains corresponding to criminal investigation that can be tackled by gait analysis are discussed. Also, deep learning methods for gait analysis and how they can be applied in criminal investigations are presented. Then, gait analysis techniques and approaches using deep learning methods including currently available datasets are mentioned. Moreover, crime-related video datasets are presented with literature on deep learning-based anomaly detection with gait human poses. Finally, challenges regarding gait analysis in criminal investigations are presented with open research issues.