Low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy was used to observe anisotropic (3-fold) scattering from point defects on a graphite surface. Such scattering from defects was theoretically predicted but is not typically apparent in room temperature scanning tunneling microscope images. This 3-fold scattering was previously observed only with C60-functionalized tips. The occupancy of the density of electronic states of the tungsten probe tip is sharpened sufficiently at cryogenic temperatures to enable the electron scattering to be imaged.
Kushmerick et al. (Sat,) studied this question.
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