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Hydrogen (H2) sensors have a wide range of applications in green energy, including fuel cell monitoring, hydrogen storage safety, and leak detection in renewable energy systems. This paper reports a quartz tuning fork (QTF) based low-cost full-range H2sensor with a detection range of 0% to 100%. The system features a simple structure and easy fabrication. Firstly, the relationship between H2concentration and the characteristics of QTF was theoretically analyzed. The influence of hydrogen viscosity on QTFs was utilized as sensing mechanism. Three QTFs with different resonant frequencies of 8 kHz, 32 kHz, and 100 kHz were experimentally compared, and the results indicated that the 100 kHz QTF exhibits the best performance, achieving a frequency sensitivity of 200 mHz/% and the fastest response. The findings revealed that higher-frequency QTFs exhibit superior sensitivity to H2detection. The designed sensor platform enables H2sensing at a low manufacturing cost and the sensors are easily replaceable, which opens up great potential for mass production and use in industry. The experiments also revealed that the quality factor (Q-factor) significantly increases when the QTF is immersed in a H2environment, attributed to low density and low viscosity of H2.
Li et al. (Wed,) studied this question.
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