The academic achievement challenge: what really works in the classroom?

Adams, Foreword. Academic Achievement: An American Dilemma. Traditional, Teacher-Centered Education versus Progressive, Student-Centered Education. Twentieth-Century Trends in Educational Policy: The Shift toward Student-Centered Programs. Trends in Specific Areas of the Curriculum: Reading, Mathematics, Science, and Social Studies, 1900 to the 1990s. Research on the Overall Effects of Teacher- and Students -Centered Educational Programs. Research Studies of Early Educational Experiments. Student-Centered Education: From Theory to Practice. Socioeconomic and Learning Difference Effects. Parents, the Media, and other Nonschool Educators. Where Do We Go from Here? Conclusions and Recommendations. Appendix: Key Differences between Teacher-Centered and Student-Centered Instruction.