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Jeffrey Morgan and Martin Yarmush bring together in Tissue Engineering the first major collection of cutting-edge methods developed and used by leading researchers in the tissue engineering field. These hands-on experts describe easily reproducible protocols for the production and evaluation of polymers, scaffolds, and composites, as well as methods for the isolation, culture, and analysis of cells, including the combination of cells with a variety of materials or devices. Quantitative methods designed to assess cell performance and cell function that will also illuminate our understanding of cellular processes and the cellular response to the chemical and mechanical environment of a functional organ/tissue are also offered. Tissue Engineering provides researchers with detailed methods and protocols covering a comprehensive range of key technologies and techniques used by leaders in tissue engineering research. Its interdisciplinary methods-drawn from the life sciences, engineering, and clinical medicine-are already making a significant contribution to the development of new and effective treatments for both organ and tissue defects
Morgan et al. (1999) studied this question.