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Touch typists, those who do not look at the keys while typing, and non-touch typists, those who do look at the keys, typed sentences which varied in linguistic complexity. Sentences were either grammatical and meaningful (GM), grammatical and anomalous (GA), or ungrammatical and meaningless (UML). Accuracy and latencies were measured. Accuracy decreased as complexity increased, i.e. from GM to GA to UML sentences, for both touch and non-touch typists. Preparation latency, the time from the presentation of a sentence and commencement of typing, and typing latency, the time from the beginning to the end of typing, increased for non-touch typists but remained constant for touch typists across sentence types (GM, GA, and UML).
Shulansky et al. (Sat,) studied this question.
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