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Movements of people in a variety of forms and at a variety of scales play an important role in the malaria equation of parasites-vectors-people. They contribute to the transmission of malaria, spreading infection and exposing non-immune people to risk of infection, and they complicate measures for the control of malaria. The nature of malaria risk is outlined and then relationships between movements and risks are illustrated in regional examples (Southeast Asia, south India, Latin America and tropical Africa). Some consideration is given to cases of 'imported' malaria in the largely malaria-free temperate lands of Europe. While the significance of population movements is recognised, they and other human factors (e.g. distribution and composition of population, social organisation and economic activities) do not receive attention comparable to that given to malaria parasites and vectors. More interdisciplinary approaches by biomedical and social scientists are needed.
R. Mansell Prothero (Thu,) studied this question.