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The accommodation microfluctuations are thought to be used by the accommodation controller to obtain information about the direction and magnitude of the required response by monitoring changes in the contrast gradient of this image. The contrast gradient can be altered by presenting different spatial frequency (SF) targets to the eye. Twelve myopes (MYOs) and 12 emmetropes (EMMs) viewed sine and square wave targets of SF 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 cpd in a Badal optical system. Accommodation responses were recorded continuously using the Shin-Nippon SRW-5000 autorefractor. There is no change in magnitude of the accommodation microfluctuations as the SF of square waves is altered. While viewing sine wave targets, the microfluctuations are smallest for mid (2, 4 cpd) SFs and increase for low (0.5 cpd) and high (16 cpd) SFs. MYOs show a significantly larger increase in the microfluctuations for the 16 cpd target compared to the EMMs. MYOs have significantly larger microfluctuations than the EMMs throughout. The microfluctuations seem to be monitoring the contrast gradient of the cortical image, which is likely to be used by the accommodation control system during error detection. The results indicate that MYO subjects may have a shallower contrast gradient and the potential reasons and implications of this are discussed.
Day et al. (2009) studied this question.