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Different views of the role of consciousness (epiphenomenal, directive, intentional, and constructive) are briefly described, followed by a more general exposition of a constructivist position. The functions of consciousness and its limited capacity are discussed in the constructivist context. The article concludes with a discussion of unconscious perception, some neuropsychological evidence on consciousness and the relationship between affect and consciousness.
Mandler et al. (Tue,) studied this question.