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The diffraction of light by deep rectangular-groove transmission phase gratings is treated by solving Maxwell’s equations numerically. Results are given for the light diffracted into the zero order by gratings with grating constants d in the range λ < d < 5λ, aspect ratio b (= linewidth/d), 0 < b < 1, and grating depths a < 5λ, assuming a refractive index n0 = 1.5. Such gratings are used in practice as a dye-free replacement for color filters. They offer a new way of storing pictorial information in small format for read out in conventional projectors.
K. Knop (1978) studied this question.