Key points are not available for this paper at this time.
No AccessJournal of Speech and Hearing ResearchResearch Article1 Sep 1961A Psychophysical Investigation of Vowel Formants Grant Fairbanks, and Patti Grubb Grant Fairbanks Google Scholar More articles by this author and Patti Grubb Google Scholar More articles by this author https: //doi. org/10. 1044/jshr. 0403. 203 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationTrack Citations ShareFacebookTwitterLinked In Additional Resources FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited by The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America152: 3 (1394-1403) 1 Sep 2022Reconsidering commonly used stimuli in speech perception experimentsMatthew B. Winn and Richard A. Wright ACM Transactions on Human-Robot Interaction8: 4 (1-21) 31 Dec 2020Using Event Representations to Generate Robot SemanticsPeter Gärdenfors Synthese194: 10 (4011-4037) 1 Oct 2017A case against convexity in conceptual spacesJosé V. Hernández-Conde Geraint A. Wiggins and Jamie Forth (2015) IDyOT: A Computational Theory of Creativity as Everyday Reasoning from Learned Information Computational Creativity Research: Towards Creative Machines10. 2991/978-94-6239-085-0₇ The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America135: 3 (1530-1540) 1 Mar 2014Weighted vowel prototypes in Finnish and GermanJanne Savela, Osmo Eerola and Olli Aaltonen James M. Hillenbrand (2013) Static and Dynamic Approaches to Vowel Perception Vowel Inherent Spectral Change10. 1007/978-3-642-14209-3₂ Sabine Ploux (2011) Modèles et sémantique lexicale Informatique et sciences cognitives10. 4000/books. editionsmsh. 13914 Contemporary Music Review27: 1 (91-130) 1 Feb 2008The spectral music of James TenneyRobert A. Wannamaker Phonetica60: 2 (129-157) 1 Jun 20031 Jun 2003Analysis of English Nonsense Syllable Recognition in NoiseJosé R. Benkí The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America113: 2 (1044-1055) 1 Feb 2003A narrow band pattern-matching model of vowel perceptionJames M. Hillenbrand and Robert A. Houde The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America109: 2 (748-763) 1 Feb 2001Effects of consonant environment on vowel formant patternsJames M. Hillenbrand, Michael J. Clark and Terrance M. Nearey The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America108: 6 (3013-3022) 1 Dec 2000Some effects of duration on vowel recognitionJames M. Hillenbrand, Michael J. Clark and Robert A. Houde Journal of Phonetics28: 3 (233-272) 1 Jul 2000A theory of speech motor control and supporting data from speakers with normal hearing and with profound hearing lossJoseph S. Perkell, Frank H. Guenther, Harlan Lane, Melanie L. Matthies, Pascal Perrier, Jennell Vick, Reiner Wilhelms-Tricarico and Majid Zandipour Journal of Voice14: 2 (287-298) 1 Jun 2000Perceptual confusions of high-pitched sung vowelsHarry Hollien, Ana P. Mendes-Schwartz and Kenneth Nielsen Perception & Psychophysics61: 6 (1200-1210) 1 Aug 1999Perception of dynamic information for vowels in syllable onsets and offsetsJames J. Jenkins and Winifred Strange The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America105: 6 (3509-3523) 1 Jun 1999Identification of resynthesized /hVd/ utterances: Effects of formant contourJames M. Hillenbrand and Terrance M. Nearey Speech Communication22: 2-3 (227-250) 1 Aug 1997Speech motor control: Acoustic goals, saturation effects, auditory feedback and internal modelsJoseph Perkell, Melanie Matthies, Harlan Lane, Frank Guenther, Reiner Wilhelms-Tricarico, Jane Wozniak and Peter Guiod Peter Gärdenfors (1995) Three levels of inductive inference Logic, Methodology and Philosophy of Science IX, Proceedings of the Ninth International Congress of Logic, Methodology and Philosophy of Science10. 1016/S0049-237X (06) 80055-8 J. L. Hieronymus Explicit modeling of vowel coarticulation in continuous speech recognition International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing10. 1109/ICASSP. 1989. 266500 Journal of Phonetics13: 1 (11-17) 1 Jan 1985The identifiability of isolated whispered and phonated vowel samplesKen J. Kallail and Floyd W. Emanuel Journal of Phonetics12: 2 (175-186) 1 Apr 1984An acoustic comparison of isolated whispered and phonated vowel samples produced by adult male subjectsKen J. Kallail and Floyd W. Emanuel Journal of Phonetics9: 3 (251-259) 1 Jul 1981The effects of pitch and spectral differences on phonetic fusion in dichotic listeningVivien C. Tartter and Sheila E. Blumstein (1981) References The Cognitive Representation of Speech10. 1016/S0166-4115 (08) 60222-8 VIRGINIA G. WALKER, CAROLE J. HARDIMAN, DONA LEA HEDRICK and ANTHONY HOLBROOK (1981) Speech and Language Characteristics of an Aging Population 10. 1016/B978-0-12-608606-5. 50010-7 Brain and Language7: 1 (101-126) 1 Jan 1979Hominid evolution, supralaryngeal vocal tract physiology, and the fossil evidence for reconstructionsPhilip Lieberman American Journal of Physical Anthropology45: 3 (493-496) 1 Nov 1976Structural harmony and Neandertäl speech: A reply to Le MayPhilip Lieberman Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences280: 1 (660-672) 1 Oct 1976INTERACTIVE MODELS FOR EVOLUTION: NEURAL MECHANISMS, ANATOMY, AND BEHAVIORPhilip Lieberman Journal of Phonetics4: 2 (91-112) 1 Apr 1976Phonetic features and physiology: a reappraisalPhilip Lieberman Daniel S. Beasley and Jean E. Maki (1976) Time- and Frequency-Altered Speech Contemporary Issues in Experimental Phonetics10. 1016/B978-0-12-437150-7. 50018-X H. HOLLIEN and H. B. ROTHMAN (1976) Diver Communication Underwater Research10. 1016/B978-0-12-221950-4. 50004-7 Journal of Communication Disorders8: 4 (299-307) 1 Dec 1975Electroacoustic contingency management of the acoustic spectra of speechJames L. Fitch and Leelen M. Terrio Perceptual and Motor Skills32: 2 (395-401) 1 Apr 1971Ratings of Vowel RepresentativenessWalter L. Cullinan and Donald T. Counihan Richard Luchsinger and Gottfried E. Arnold (1970) Physiologie der Sprachlaute Handbuch der Stimm- und Sprachheilkunde10. 1007/978-3-7091-7130-1₁1 Acta Oto-Laryngologica68: sup257 (49-51) 1 Jan 1969References W. Meyer-Eppler (1969) Akustische und optische Valenzklassen als Zeichenträger Grundlagen und Anwendungen der Informationstheorie10. 1007/978-3-642-86901-3₉ International Audiology7: 1 (96-101) 1 Jan 1968Spectrographic Presentation of the Vocal Quality of Partially Hearing School ChildrenT Walter Carlin IEEE Transactions on Audio and Electroacoustics14: 1 (32-39) 1 Mar 1966Speaker recognition, speech characteristics, speech evaluation, and modification of speech signal--A selected bibliographyG. Holmgren Exceptional Children29: 8 (365-370) 1 Apr 1963Recent Research in Speech PathologyStanley Ainsworth Lingua11 (289-293) 1 Jan 1962On the phonetic description of the phonemeH. Mol Volume 4Issue 3September 1961Pages: 203-219 Get Permissions Add to your Mendeley library History Published in issue: Sep 1, 1961PubMed ID: 13697940 Metrics Topicsasha-topicsasha-article-typesCopyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1961 American Speech-Language-Hearing AssociationPDF downloadLoading. . .
Fairbanks et al. (Fri,) studied this question.