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The concept of dysempowerment is introduced as a process whereby an individual perceives certain work events as affronts to one's dignity. This perception results in affective responses that generate attitudes and behaviors having the potential to disrupt or impair the individual's task motivation. We specify propositions to predict the impact of factors on potential dysempowerment, and we present a typology to characterize organizational climates that result from the coexistence of dysempowerment and empowerment.
Kane et al. (1998) studied this question.