Risk Factors of Transition from Normal Cognition to Mild Cognitive Disorder: The PATH through Life Study

AIMS: The aim of this study was to identify physical and mental health and lifestyle predictors of transition from normal cognition to mild cognitive disorder (MCD). METHODS: A total of 2,082 individuals, aged 60-64 years, were assessed at 2 time-points 4 years apart for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and other MCDs. RESULTS: The main predictors of conversion to MCI and to other mild cognitive disorders were past alcohol intake, current anxiety and depression medication, increased systolic blood pressure, and past smoking. CONCLUSION: Participants with a history of smoking or harmful alcohol consumption, hypertension, or who took medication for anxiety or depression were at increased risk of transitioning to MCI or any MCD. Strategies targeted at managing the above risk factors may have benefits in preventing mild cognitive decline in relatively healthy middle-aged individuals living in the community.