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A method is developed for the harmonic analysis of x-ray powder patterns. From the experimental scattering curve one obtains directly a radial distribution function giving the number of atoms to be found at any distance from a given atom. As an illustration, the method is applied to the pattern of rhombic sulphur. A radial distribution curve is obtained which indicates that each atom has two nearest neighbors at a distance of about 2. 3A. The result is in good agreement with the chemist's picture of an S₈ ring molecule.
Warren et al. (Sat,) studied this question.