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The central intent of this paper is to describe a number of analyses and experiments that could eventually serve to elucidate the physics of fluid mechanics phenomena such as the generation of whirls, the quasi-two-dimensionalization of turbulence near the free surface, and the reverse energy cascade at pure and contaminated interfaces. Discussed in some detail are the vorticity flux; surface-tension effects; basic equations and boundary conditions; the role of surfactants; topology of interfacial interactions; characteristics of connections, disconnections, and reconnections; a number of canonical flows (single and paired vortices, jets, and vortex rings); and the need for the development of prediction methods for turbulent flows in a region bounded by a free-surface, solid-fluid juncture boundary layer and the nonlinear interactions of shear flow wake turbulence with a free surface.
Turgut Sarpkaya (Mon,) studied this question.
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