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LiNbO 3 -doped (Na, K)NbO3 lead-free piezoceramics were prepared by conventional sintering at a temperature as low as 950 °C using excess Na2O additives. The crystal structure changed from orthorhombic to tetragonal with increasing LiNbO3 amount since the phase transition temperature TO−T shifted downward. In the region of two-phase coexistence, enhanced piezoelectric constant d33 (280 pC/N) and electromechanical coupling factor kp (48.3%) with a high Curie temperature TC (475 °C) were obtained in the nominal composition 0.92(Na0.535K0.48)NbO3–0.08LiNbO3. Our results open up the way to low-temperature sintering of (Na, K)NbO3-based lead-free piezoceramics with high performance.
Wang et al. (Mon,) studied this question.