Efficiency of private flood proofing of new buildings – adapted redevelopment of a floodplain in The Netherlands

A number of cities in Europe's deltaic and coastal regions, such as the London metropolis, Hamburg and Dordrecht, share in part similar challenges such as (re)development activities and expansions onto floodplains and they recognize the need for new planning approaches to manage actual and future flood risks in these areas. The tendency is now to look for new ways to distribute responsibilities between different types of stakeholders, so as to take advantage of different initiatives over differing spatial scales, from the catchment level down to the individual building level. In this respect, there is a clear need to include resilience measures taken at the lowest spatial level as part of a top-down and bottom-up approach. This kind of measure comprises flood proofing of buildings and associated infrastructure as well as adapting building activities to the risk. The extent to which such measures will be provided will probably be dictated by micro and macro economic factors. However, as of yet information on their performance is limited, which particularly holds true for the Dutch context. Consequently, the economic efficiency of these technologies is unclear.