Physician Counseling About Exercise

CONTEXT: The increase in sedentary lifestyle may contribute to the rise in obesity nationally. Although guidelines suggest that physicians counsel all patients about exercise, physicians counsel only a minority of their patients. Whether patient factors influence physician counseling is not well established. OBJECTIVES: To examine and to identify factors associated with exercise counseling by US physicians. DESIGN AND SETTING: National population-based supplemental (Year 2000) survey to the 1995 National Health Interview Survey. PARTICIPANTS: Of the 17317 respondents to the Year 2000 supplemental survey, 9711 adults had seen a physician in the previous year, and 9299 responded when asked about physician counseling on exercise. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Physician counseling to begin or to continue to exercise. RESULTS: Of 9299 respondents, 34% reported being counseled about exercise at their last visit. After adjustment for other sociodemographic and clinical factors, women were slightly more likely to be counseled, with an adjusted odds ratio (AOR) of 1. 15 (95% confidence interval CI, 1. 02-1. 29). Physicians counseled older patients (>30 years) more often than younger patients; those aged 40 to 49 years were counseled most often (AOR, 1. 71 95% CI, 1. 34-2. 20). Patients with incomes above 50000, those with higher levels of physical activity, college graduates, and patients who were overweight to obese (body mass index: 25 to > or =30 kg/m2) were more likely to be counseled, as were patients with cardiac disease (AOR, 1. 81 95% CI, 1. 52-2. 14) and diabetes (AOR, 1. 87 95% CI, 1. 46-2. 38). Counseling did not vary by physician specialty or patient race. CONCLUSION: The rate of physician counseling about exercise is low nationally. Physicians appear to counsel as secondary prevention and are less likely to counsel patients at risk for obesity. The failure to counsel younger, disease-free adults and those from lower socioeconomic groups may represent important missed opportunities for primary prevention.